New records of Bathynellacea (Syncarida,Bathynellidae) in North America: three new species of the genus Pacificabathynella from Montana,USA

Three new species of the genus Pacificabathynella Schminke and Noodt, 1988 Schminke, H K and Noodt, W. 1988. Groundwater Crustacea of the order Bathynellacea (Malacostraca) from North America. J Crustacean Biol., 8(2): 290–299.  [Google Scholar] are described from groundwater aquifers in glaciated North America (Montana, USA). This is the first time that this genus, known previously only from the state of California, has been documented in Montana. Pacificabathynella and Paradoxibathynella Serban, 2000 Serban, E. 2000. Uenobathynella n.g., Parauenobathynella n.g., Morimotobathynella n.g., Nihobathynella n.g. et Paradoxibathynella n.g., Bathynellinae du Japón (Bathynellidae, Bathynellacea, Podophallocarida). Travaux Inst Spéol “Émile Racovitza”, 36: 3–61.  [Google Scholar] are the only genera that show sexual dimorphism in thoracopod VI. Pacificabathynella kalispellensis sp. nov. has several unique features: the setal formula of the antenna (0/2+exop/3/12/6/8/5); the setal formula of the maxilla (7/4/7/6); the presence of an epipod on thoracopod II; tufts of setulae and abundant setae on the basipod and endopod of thoracopods I to V; the epipod of thoracopod VIII female three times longer than the basipod; three smooth setae on the exopod of the female thoracopod VIII; eight spines on the endopod of the uropod and the endopod longer than the sympod, whereas the opposite is typical. Pacificabathynella stanfordi sp. nov. has several unique features: only five setae on the exopod of thoracopods II to VII, while six setae are common in the genus; only six setae on the second segment of the first pleopod; five spines on the endopod and seven setae on the exopod of the uropod. Pacificabathynella ruthae sp. nov. is the largest species and has several unique features: antennule equal in size to the antenna, whereas in the rest of the species of the genus the antenna is larger; the projection of the inner lobe of the male thoracopod VIII is bidentate and there are six spines on the endopod and nine setae on the exopod of the uropod. The three new species have slight differences in the pars molaris of the mandible and in thoracopod VIII of males, and there are other minor differences between the females and the species Pacificabathynella sequoiae. The new taxa, together with the new genus Montanabathynella described separately, represent a 30% increase in North American taxa. Considering the glaciated landscape and the fragmented nature of alluvial aquifer habitat, we believe that there is a profound lack of critical knowledge of the biogeography and biodiversity of syncarids in North America.     

Soil oribatid mite (Acari: Oribatida) diversity and composition in semi-deciduous forest fragments in eastern Amazonia and comparison with the surrounding savanna matrix

We recorded species abundance and richness of oribatid mites along 16 plots established in semi-deciduous forest fragments in Amazonia. The results were compared with a published dataset consisting of an inventory carried out in 38 plots in the surrounding savanna. Totals of 143 and 91 species were recorded in the forest fragments and savanna, respectively. Sørensen similarity index between both environments was 0.44. Ordination of sites according to oribatid mite species composition showed a clear separation between forest fragments and savanna. Rostrozetes ovulum, Archegozetes longisetosus and Eohypochthonius (Eohypochthonius) becki were abundant and frequent in the forest fragments but exceedingly rare in the savanna. Neoppia (Neoppia) schauenbergi, Pseudoppia sp. C, Microppia sp. A and Cosmochthonius sp. A were limited to the savanna. This study also represents an early step toward knowing which groups of species are exclusive to one or another vegetation type or are sensitive to their inherent environmental conditions.     

Halacarid mites (Acari: Halacaridae) associated with a North Atlantic subtidal population of the kelp Laminaria ochroleuca

We characterised the mite fauna associated with a subtidal population of Laminaria ochroleuca in the Cantabrian Sea during a 4-year study. We found 2780 individuals belonging to 35 species. The mite assemblage comprised both north Atlantic and Mediterranean species, as usually reported from the Lusitanian region. The most abundant and diverse subfamily was Copidognathinae, followed by Halacarinae and Lohmannellinae. The greatest abundance of mites was detected on kelp holdfasts, not only strictly phytal mites were found but also interstitial mites or those associated with other macrofauna. Such a distribution could be explained by the high diversity and heterogeneity of microhabitats provided by holdfasts. Mite abundance fluctuated during the 4 years of the study. However, the lowest abundance was detected during the last year of sampling. During that year, the studied algal population suffered a severe decay leaving only degenerating holdfasts attached to the substrate, which could explain the decrease in mite numbers.     

冶勒水电站水库对陆生脊椎动物的影响

本文对冶勒乡进行了陆生脊椎动物调查,有两栖类12种,爬行类6种,鸟类149种,兽类52种.按其分类及资源类型、区系组成、分布特点,结合自然条件、水库形态、库容、运行特点等,分析了水库修建期间及蓄水后对陆生脊椎动物的影响,预测其演变趋势,并提出相应的对策.     

甘肃省蚤类新纪录

近年来,经我们进一步调查、考证本省各地跳蚤标本,在原来报道的43属,141种和亚种的基础上新增加2属,21种与亚种,并对其宿主及区系分布作了记述.     

西天目山土壤线虫区系与生态的初步探讨

1987年5月由中国自然科学基金会资助,开始了“亚热带森林土壤动物区系及其在森林生态平衡中的作用”的研究工作,开选定浙江西天目山作为研究点之一。本工作在西天目山选定5个采样区。经鉴定,西天目山土壤线虫可分5目23属40种,其中有13种仅鉴定到属,并认为,土壤线虫数量的变化,主要与海拔高度、温度、土壤pH值、降水量等因素有关。     

邛海鱼类区系的形成及其演变

本文作者根据50-60年代的调查,分析和探讨了邛海的自然鱼类区系形成同演变的规律.并对其形成提出了应从四个方面去认识:(1)雅砻江原来向南的流向;(2)长江上游的袭夺;(3)喜马拉雅山的造山运动.(4)高原地势和平原气候的渗合.对其演变分析了四种趋向:(1)流水性种类消失,(2)鱼类食性中植物性比重加大;(3)肉食性鱼类比重加大;(4)出现了种一级的分化.提出邛海与程海在鱼类区系上可列为同一类型,可与除程海以外的其它云南高原湖泊所属的另一类型相对比.并对Worthington(1940)提出的关于种的分化论点作了补充.     

东北高寒地区麦田生态系统中土壤动物区系的研究

本文对东北高寒地区麦田中土壤动物进行了统计.共有13类,隶属3门、5纲,其中蜱螨类、弹尾类和线虫类占土壤动物总数的99.17％,为优势类群.土壤动物具有明显的季节变化,这与诸多环境因素的综合作用有关,即环境因素的变化可以使土壤动物的类群结构发生改变.麦田中0～15cm土壤动物的垂直分布无显著差异.     

兴隆山自然保护区蜘蛛区系的研究

１９９２－１９９３年间进行兴隆山自然保护区蜘蛛区系的研究，共获标本１４４０号，初步鉴定为９１种，４５属１５科，其中古北界的种类为４６种，占总种数的４０．５４％，东洋界的种类为５种，占总种数的５．４９％，广布种为４０种，占总种数的４３．９５％。显然，古北界的种类占优势。     

前寒武纪的划分

本文采用尹赞勋提出的地球历史发展的两大阶段:天文时期与地质时期,并同意废弃隐生宙与显生宙。本文着重讨论了生物的发展,从无机到有机,到蛋白质,到细胞,到后生动物的阶段性。建议地质时期代的划分,根据生物发展阶段特征,前寒武纪划分为无生代、隐生代、始生代与原生代。另把古生代下限延至900Ma,包括震旦纪。小壳动物应归属震旦纪,而不是寒武纪。